The Shodashopchar Puja is a traditional Hindu ritual that involves the offering of 16 services (upacharas) to the deity. Here is a step-by-step guide for performing the Shodashopchar Puja for Goddess Lakshmi and Lord Ganesha. This puja is typically performed on festivals like Diwali to invoke their blessings for wealth, prosperity, and happiness.
Items Required:
Idol or image of Lord Ganesha and Goddess Lakshmi
Kumkum, turmeric, sandalwood paste, and rice
Flowers (lotus, marigold)
Incense sticks, camphor, and diya (oil lamp)
Sweets, fruits, and dry fruits (prasad)
Panchamrit (mixture of milk, curd, ghee, honey, and sugar)
Kalash (water vessel) with coconut
Betel leaves, betel nuts, and coins
Cloth (for offering as vastra)
Preparation:
1. Clean the Puja area: Clean the house and the place of worship.
2. Set up the altar: Place the idols or images of Lord Ganesha and Goddess Lakshmi on a clean cloth on a raised platform. Keep the kalash filled with water and a coconut on top, decorated with mango leaves.
3. Light a lamp: Light a diya (lamp) and incense sticks to purify the environment.
Shodashopchar Puja Vidhi:
1. Dhyana (Meditation)
Sit in front of the deities and calm your mind. Meditate on Lord Ganesha and Goddess Lakshmi, visualizing them with love and devotion.
Chant simple mantras like:
For Ganesha: "Om Gan Ganapataye Namah"
For Lakshmi: "Om Shreem Hreem Shreem Mahalakshmiyai Namah"
2. Aavahan (Invoking the Deities)
Invite Lord Ganesha and Goddess Lakshmi to reside in the idols by offering flowers and saying:
"Om Shri Lakshmi Ganeshay Namah, Aavahayami"
3. Asana (Offering a seat)
Offer them a seat by placing a flower or some rice in front of the idol and saying:
"Om Shri Lakshmi Ganeshay Namah, Asanam Samarpayami"
4. Paadya (Washing the feet)
Offer water at the feet of the deities by pouring it over a small plate and saying:
"Om Shri Lakshmi Ganeshay Namah, Paadyam Samarpayami"
5. Arghya (Offering holy water)
Offer water (from a small vessel or spoon) to the deities, signifying respect and honor:
"Om Shri Lakshmi Ganeshay Namah, Arghyam Samarpayami"
6. Achamana (Offering water for sipping)
Offer water for sipping (achamana) by symbolically placing water near the mouth of the idol and saying:
"Om Shri Lakshmi Ganeshay Namah, Achamanam Samarpayami"
7. Snana (Bathing the idols)
Bathe the deities with Panchamrit (a mixture of milk, curd, honey, ghee, and sugar). Afterward, bathe them with clean water.
"Om Shri Lakshmi Ganeshay Namah, Panchamrita Snanam Samarpayami"
8. Vastra (Offering clothes)
Offer new clothes to the deities. You can drape a small cloth around the idols if possible or symbolically offer it by placing it near the idol:
"Om Shri Lakshmi Ganeshay Namah, Vastra Samarpayami"
9. Yajnopavita (Offering sacred thread)
Offer a sacred thread (yajnopavita) by placing it on or near the deities:
"Om Shri Lakshmi Ganeshay Namah, Yajnopavitam Samarpayami"
10. Gandha (Offering sandalwood paste)
Apply sandalwood paste (chandan) to the idols' forehead and body:
"Om Shri Lakshmi Ganeshay Namah, Gandham Samarpayami"
11. Pushpa (Offering flowers)
Offer fresh flowers (preferably lotus or marigold) to both deities while chanting mantras:
"Om Shri Lakshmi Ganeshay Namah, Pushpam Samarpayami"
12. Dhoop (Offering incense)
Light incense sticks and offer them to the deities by waving the sticks in a clockwise motion:
"Om Shri Lakshmi Ganeshay Namah, Dhoopam Samarpayami"
13. Deepa (Offering a lamp)
Light a ghee lamp and offer it to the deities by waving it in a clockwise motion:
"Om Shri Lakshmi Ganeshay Namah, Deepam Samarpayami"
14. Naivedya (Offering food)
Offer sweets, fruits, and other food items (prasad) to the deities. You can also place betel leaves, nuts, and coins:
"Om Shri Lakshmi Ganeshay Namah, Naivedyam Samarpayami"
15. Tambula (Offering betel leaves and nuts)
Offer betel leaves, betel nuts, and a coin to the deities as part of the ritual:
"Om Shri Lakshmi Ganeshay Namah, Tambulam Samarpayami"
16. Aarti (Worship with a lamp)
Perform aarti by lighting camphor and singing the Laxmi and Ganesha Aarti, waving the light in front of the idols:
"Om Shri Lakshmi Ganeshay Namah, Aartikyay Samarpayami"
Conclusion:
After the puja, sprinkle some water around the idols as a gesture of purification.
Bow down before the deities and offer your prayers, seeking their blessings for wealth, prosperity, and peace.
Distribute the prasad (sweets and fruits) among family members and guests.
This Shodashopchar Puja brings devotion and completeness in worship by offering all 16 traditional services to the deities. It is a powerful way to invoke the divine grace of both Lord Ganesha and Goddess Lakshmi.